Short rows are partial rows where you turn the work before reaching the end. This creates extra fabric in one area, allowing curves and shaping without increasing or decreasing stitches. Common uses include bust darts, curved hems, and shoulder shaping.

What is a wrap and turn?

When you turn mid-row, wrapping the next stitch prevents a hole. Bring yarn to front, slip next stitch, bring yarn to back, slip stitch back, then turn. On the return pass, pick up the wrap and knit it together with its stitch.

How much extra length do short rows add?

Each pair of short rows (one RS, one WS) adds approximately 2 rows of fabric at the turning point. The depth added equals the number of short row pairs x 2 / row gauge per cm.

Are German short rows better than wrap and turn?

German short rows (using a double stitch instead of a wrap) are easier to work and nearly invisible. Japanese short rows (using a pin) give the cleanest result. All methods achieve the same shaping; choose based on your preference.

How do I calculate bust darts with short rows?

Measure the difference between your upper and full bust. This difference in cm determines the short row depth. Place the short rows centred on the bust point, working progressively shorter rows to add the extra fabric needed.

KnitCalcs

Short Row Calculator — Wraps & Turns for Shaping

Calculate short row placement for bust darts, curved hems, shoulder shaping, and other 3D shaping.

Total Stitches in Section

Stitches in the shaped area

Short Row Depth

Extra length to add

Row Gauge (per 10cm)

Purpose

How We Calculate This

This calculator determines how many short row pairs you need and where to place the turning points.

The formula

Extra rows = Short row depth (cm) x Row gauge per cm

Short row pairs = Extra rows / 2

Stitches between turns = Total stitches / (Pairs + 1)

Frequently Asked Questions

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Last updated: February 2026

All calculations are estimates based on standard yarn weights and gauge. Results may vary with individual tension, yarn brand, and needle size.